Basically, there are 4 main types of leadership styles: Autocratic, Bureaucratic, Democratic and Laissez-Faire. Different leaders deploy different leadership styles, depending on how effective the style may be in their workplace.
It is necessary to study the different leadership styles from which an appropriate style can be select, depending upon the situation in which leadership is to be exercise and the nature of the followers involve.
Leadership Styles are:
Autocratic Leadership Style
In the Autocratic leadership style, a leader or Manager Autocratic decision-making authority does not give to the subordinate. Decision making with the Autocratic leadership style is not usually doing consulting or listening to the ideas of subordinates first.
ISO known as 'authoritarian' leadership, autocratic leadership refers to individual control over all the decisions and allows little input from subordinates. These leaders make their own choices base on their own ideas and judgments, rarely accepting advice from subordinates and dictating all the work methods and processes. Margaret Thatcher implement this during her tenure as British PM.
Advantages:
- Decisions can be made quickly and be communicate quickly as well.
- Leader is completely in control
- People know what exactly to do and what to expect
Disadvantages:
- People can become demotivate and oppress.
- Too much depend on the leader might lead to mistakes.
- Contribution of ideas and solutions from team members reduce.
- Style tends to be overly strict, leading to poor job satisfaction.
This leadership style is very useful at the time of the decision should be taken as soon as possible or when the decision does not require the input as well as a deal with the team or his subordinates. Manager or leader who uses this autocratic style must have expertise in the field where he had to take a decision and the ability to influence the members of the team or his subordinates to cooperate in order to achieve the goals that he wants.
But on the downside, team member or his subordinates would feel unappreciated so reduce the motivation of working and result in high levels of attendance and Exchange employees.
Democratic Leadership Style
Democracy leadership styles, also known as participatory leadership or share leadership. It is a type of leadership style, in which group members take part in the decision-making process. This type of leadership can be apply to any business, private industry in government schools.
Democratic leadership, also known as participate leadership or share leadership, is a type of leadership style in which members of the group take a more participate role in the decision-making process. This type of leadership can apply to any organization, from private businesses to schools to government. According to Psychologist Kurt Lewin, who was name there are three main styles of leadership in addressing problems and decision making, the third such major leadership styles are Autocratic leadership style, leadership style Democratic and laissez-faire Leadership Styles.
This style of leadership encourages employees to be part of decision-making while the democratic leader keeps his subordinates inform about everything that affects their work. The leader has the final say, but he/she gathers information from his/her subordinates before making a decision. The leader would also encourage achievement and provide subordinates with recognition as well while evaluating their own performance. Barack Obama implements this leadership style.
Advantages:
- Leaders support by subordinates' ideas.
- Subordinates allow to contribute more.
- Employees become more motivate because of participation.
- Members allow to make decisions, avoiding silly mistakes.
Disadvantages:
- Slow decision-making at times of grave need
- Leader may not agree with subordinates' decisions
- Subordinates may not be able to make decisions
- Increased risk of conflict
The final decisions that are taken is basically a deal from the team members with the leaders or subordinates with her manager.
In the style of the Democratic Leadership, a leader or a Manager usually ask for opinions or advice from a member of the team or his retainers before taking a decision. Members of the team or his subordinates push for more creative and are given the opportunity to convey any suggestions or idea they even though the last decision was still in the hands of her manager.
Employee or a member of the team that work under the leadership of democratic management styles tend to be more passionate and have job satisfaction and productivity is high. However, downside, this Democratic leadership style will be less effective if face with a problem or situation that requires a leader or a manager take quick decisions.
Laissez-faire leadership style
Leader provides little or no guidance to subordinates, giving them as much freedom as they possibly can. Authority and power is given to employees while they must determine their goals, make decisions and resolve problems on their own. The very successful Richard Branson - founder of the Virgin Group - is a perfect example of a good Laissez-Faire leader.
Advantages:
- Members allow to make use of their full capabilities.
- Promotes senses of loyalty, commitment and motivation as members are responsible for their own actions; creating job satisfaction too.
- Effective when employees are highly-skills professionals.
Disadvantages:
- Makes employees feel insecure at the unavailability of the leader.
- Manager would not be able to thank employees; thus not giving recognition.
- Has most risk of conflict
- Poor teamwork leads to duplication of effort and working at cross-purposes.
In the Management adopted a laissez-faire leadership style, Manager or leader will give subordinates full freedom in taking decisions relating to the tasks that he and of course with the limit of time by their Manager. The managers will provide opinion and guidance or other resources if needed.
Laissez-faire leadership style generates motivation and job satisfaction of employees. But it will negatively affect for the subordinates cannot set the time properly and for those who do not have sufficient knowledge and skill in doing its job.
Bureaucratic Leadership style
This style of leadership follows a close set a standards and only follows one specific method. The specific sets of procedures must be followed by every subordinate and would be most effective when the subordinates are performing routine tasks over and over again. In other words, working 'by the book'. Leaders in manufacturing would most likely implement this leadership style.
Advantages:
- Safe and secure leadership style.
- Routine tasks can be complete perfectly and quickly.
- Organized management style.
Disadvantages:
- Possible employees lose job satisfaction.
- Typically employee have no motivation to take on new challenges.
- Employees not involve in decision-making.
Under this management style the leader assumes that his function is fatherly or paternal. Paternalism means papa knows best. The relationship between the leader and his group is the same as the relationship between the head of the family and the members of the family. The leader guides and protects his subordinates as members of his family.
So basically, it is a management style here is a method of leadership or Leadership Method used by a Manager in dealing with problems facing conditions or situations.
Conclusion:
I believe that a fusion of the Democratic and Autocratic styles of leadership is most effective in a workplace. This mixture would bring about speed & control from autocracy and job satisfaction & the influx of a variety of ideas from democracy. Although the Laissez-Faire style of leadership produces the utmost level of job satisfaction, it is largely ineffective. The Bureaucratic leadership style can be effective in manufacturing or others, employees have no involvement in decision-making and remain unmotivated.
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