5 process groups for project management

The life cycle of a project is roughly divided into conceptual, development, implementation, and closing processes. The entire process or phase of a project requires a corresponding project management process. 

 

This project management process typically consists of five different management-specific work processes. five process groups for project management: start-up, planning, execution, control and closing, throughout the life cycle of the project.

In the conceptual phase, cost analysis is carried out to study the feasibility of the project, with the result that a report is produced and approved and supported. in practice, we just have a new idea and concept, immediately into the development process.

For the project start-up process, pay special attention to the organizational environment and project stakeholders analysis; in the later process, the project manager should grasp the project control, the ideal result of control is to complete the project scope satisfactory to both parties within the required time, cost and quality limits. 

 

During the development phase, there is a project proposal, budgeted costs, and work breakdown plans. when we do something, we may just come up with a simple work breakdown and a rough project planning schedule, and it's over. in the implementation phase, there is a bottom-level work package with a defined cost estimate, but we don't, and at this point, we basically start to lose control, there are no clear milestones, we just treat a phase as a project. in the closing phase, we often discuss the lessons of each project, but the documentation of the work done is largely not kept up with the timely process, as well as the handover with the user is not done well.

1.

The start-up process for the project
 

The start-up process of a project is the process of identifying and starting a new project. it is important to recognize the notion that small successes on important projects are more meaningful and valuable than great success on unimportant projects. in this sense, the start-up phase of a project is particularly important, which is a critical stage in deciding whether to invest and what to invest in, at which point a decision-making error can result in significant losses. paying attention to the project start-up process is the first step to ensure the success of the project.

start-up involves a project-wide knowledge area, the output of which is the project charter, the appointment of the project manager, the determination of constraints and assumptions, etc. the most important element of the start-up process is the feasibility study and analysis of the project, which is centered on business objectives rather than technology. both leadership concerns and project objectives should focus on clear business objectives to achieve business expected profit analysis, and provide scientific and reasonable evaluation methods so that they can be evaluated in the future.

2.

The planning process for the project
 

The project planning process is a very important one in the project implementation process. through the scope of the project, task decomposition, resource analysis and so on to develop a scientific plan, can make the project team's work in an orderly manner. 

Also because of the plan, we can have a reference in the implementation process, and through the continuous revision and improvement of the plan, so that the later plan more realistic, more accurate guidance project work. there was a previous misconception that the plan should be accurate, so-called accurate, that actual progress must be made as planned. 

This is not the case, planning is a means of management, only in this way, so that the allocation of resources, time allocation of the project is more scientific and reasonable, and the plan in practice can be constantly modified.

there are different plans in different knowledge areas of the project, according to the actual project situation, the preparation of different plans, including project plan, scope specification, work breakdown structure, activity list, network map, schedule, resource plan, cost estimation, quality plan, risk plan, communication plan, procurement plan, etc., is the common output of the project planning process, should focus on grasping and applying.

3.

The implementation of the project

The implementation of the project generally refers to the main content of the project implementation process, but the implementation includes the project's preliminary work, so not only in the specific implementation process to pay attention to the scope changes, record project information, encourage project team members to work hard to complete the project, but also in the beginning and conclusion process, emphasizing the implementation of the key content, such as formal acceptance of the scope of the project. project management forum

In the project implementation, the important content is the communication of project information, that is, timely submission of project progress information, project reporting through the project progress on a regular basis, conducive to project control, quality assurance provides a means.

4.

The control process of the project

The process control of project management is an important process to ensure that the project moves toward the target direction, which is to find deviations and take corrective measures in time to make the project progress toward the goal direction. 

 

Control can bring actual progress into line with the plan, or modify the plan to make it more relevant to the current situation. the plan is modified on the premise that the project meets the desired goals. the focus of control is on several areas: scope changes, quality standards, status reporting, and risk response. basically deal with the above four aspects of control, the project control task can be largely completed.

5.

The closing process of the project

A project through a formal and effective closing process, not only to the current project to produce a complete document, the project stakeholders, but also an important asset of future project work. in many of the projects experienced, more attention to the beginning and process of the project, ignoring the project closing work, so the level of project management has not been improved. alliance of project managers

The project end includes acceptance of the final product, the formation of project files, lessons learned and so on. in addition, the project stakeholders to do a reasonable arrangement, which is also easy to ignore the place, simple send-back is not the best way to deal with, but also to the project team members irresponsible.

The form of project closing can be freely decided according to the size of the project, can be held through the holding of a press conference, recognition meeting, public performance evaluation and other means to carry out, the form is based on the situation, but must be clear, and can achieve results. it would be nice to have a closing audit of the project, and of course there are many projects that do not need to be audited.

Paying attention to the type of projects that fail to implement successful project closings is more difficult and important than the closing of successful projects, because the main value of such projects is the lessons of project failure, so these lessons need to be distilled through the closing.