Many operation books have mentioned project management thinking, but the framework is not orthodox, scattered, too casual, today the system combs and sorts out the basic framework of project management. after all, such a universal and super practical good tool, how can it be perfunctory?
first of all, the so-called project refers to a one-time effort to complete an activity, which can be a large project, a small project, a national aviation project, or a personal travel project...
almost everything around us can exist as a project, because these things meet these conditions:
- there are specific goals, with varying degrees of complexity and one-off.
- there are time, resource and budget constraints within a certain life cycle.
- the project has a certain core where "deliverables" can be found – concretely visible, verifiable work results...
a one-sentence summary is that as long as the definition and basic characteristics of the project are met, they can be called projects. in the project activities, the process of applying a series of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to the project to achieve the purpose is project management.
1, from life, higher than life
in everyday life, various things are carried out every day, but these are more appropriate to call "day-to-day operations": the use of existing systems and assets in a continuous and repetitive manner.
the difference between the project is that the project has a high purposefulness, one-time, creative and review assessment, and the project is a more systematic existence than the life matter.
daily operation is intuitive, few normal people will study, count, change their own pace, most of them with their own body to twist, what is usually what it is, what it will be tomorrow.
project operation is logical and focused, such as the pace of the actors, who must plan, organize, coordinate, and control their own steps and actions to achieve what they want to be in their brains. for them, walking is a project, a physical training program about acting.
it can be seen that the project relies on the matters in life and work, and is the result of exerting subjective initiative to control the matters: if you do not live according to what you want, then sooner or later you will think according to your life.
2, has its life cycle
the project life cycle refers to the combination of project phases that are sequentially sequenced in chronological order. there are mainly these stages:
concept stage: project identification, project concept, project selection, the main text materials are project proposal and feasibility study report.
development phase: mainly to solve how, when, by whom to complete the project goals and other issues, the development of the project plan, the decomposition of work, pay attention to time and cost, schedule.
implementation stage: specific implementation plan, tracking the execution process, monitoring the project, process control.
closing phase: project handover and liquidation. result acceptance, evaluation summary, data collation, archiving.
3. monitor actions and review life
if you don't live according to what you want, then sooner or later you will live and think, so how to live according to your thoughts? all matters are projected, plans are formulated, and conscious phase reviews are conducted.
whether it is an explicit molding or an implicit pursuit in the heart, its implementation should be evaluated, and the key work results and implementation should be marked. several commonly used measurement tools are:
- milestones: important markers in the project, the main mark being the completion of the deliverables
- deliverable: a concrete, visible, verifiable outcome of workcontrolled review: monitor review, correction, deliverables and review
Share ability: each stage of the project process will form project data, sharing, articulation, archiving and our actions do not need to be balanced at all times in the following conflicts:
- strike a balance between scope, time, cost, and quality
- strike a balance among stakeholders with different needs and expectations
- strike a balance between clearly identified and undefined needs
4. management areas involved
in the process of project management, for different stages, people carry out management methods, procedures, content are different, to use different knowledge, skills, tools, techniques, project management knowledge system is usually:
- overall project management: integrated management, mainly there are three processes of project planning, plan implementation, and overall change control.
- project scope management: it consists of five processes: initiation, scope planning, scope definition, scope review, and scope change control.
- project time management: activity definition, activity ranking, time estimation, schedule preparation, plan control.
- project cost management: resource planning, cost estimation, cost budgeting, cost control.
- project quality management: quality planning, quality assurance, quality control.
- project human resource management: human resources planning, staff acquisition, team building.
- project communication management: communication planning, information transmission, performance reporting, management finishing.
- project risk management: project risk planning, risk identification, quantitative risk analysis, qualitative risk analysis, risk response plan preparation, risk monitoring.
The project procurement management: procurement planning, inquiry, supplier selection, contract management, contract closure.
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