The project management process is a complex process, and each stage needs to involve the coordination and cooperation of different people and resources. each character has their own positioning and tasks, what exactly is it?
a project is a unique, complex and interrelated set of activities that have a clear goal or purpose and must be completed within a specific time, budget, or resource limit and in accordance with specifications.
project management is the use of management knowledge, tools and techniques on project activities to achieve the problem of the project or to achieve the needs of the project; the project management process is subject to the limitations of time, manpower, resources, etc.
generally speaking, the process of the project roughly includes four stages: project establishment, planning, execution, closing and closing, and the entire management process is completely presented.
roles in project management
the completion of each stage of the project strictly requires the cooperation and support of different roles such as product manager, project manager, test manager and so on.
the completion of a project, or even the implementation of a function point of a product, from the implementation of abstract requirements to the specific interface is not a simple task. instead, it goes through a series of processes such as product objectives, content requirements, information architecture, interaction design, interface design, and perception design.
Therefore, project management tools are generally used in the process of project management. Project management tools (now generally referred to as software) are a type of software that analyzes and manages people, products, processes, and projects in order to enable work projects to be successfully completed at predetermined cost, schedule, and quality.
product manager - project initiation
the project initiation phase is the product manager's dance floor.
the product manager's role is to analyze user needs. understanding and controlling user requirements, and translating business language into it language are the two most important tasks for product managers in the requirements analysis phase. because user needs ultimately need to be implemented through technology. the product manager is responsible for the user at one end and the technician at the other end, which is equivalent to the bridge between the two, in fact, in the whole project, the product manager actually acts as a user, representing the demand side.
whether the requirements can be finalized is also a complex circulation process, you can refer to the requirements of the flow process shown in figure 3. and the requirements of established projects change frequently in projects.
project manager – planning and execution
after the requirements are formally established, the next step is to make a plan and execute. that's when the project manager came along.
if the product manager manages the "product", then the project manager manages the "people", the product manager guarantees that the product is "used", and the project manager ensures that the project is "completed" on time and in quality.
the project manager can be said to be the contractor responsible for starting, planning, executing, monitoring, and closing a project.
- during the planning phase, the project manager needs to set sub-goals, start and end times, participants and tasks to which they belong.
- in the implementation stage, it is necessary to control all aspects of supervision and development, immediately feedback the results of the stage, and assist and guide the work of the project team members to ensure the smooth delivery of the project.
- project managers use project management tools to control the progress of the project, such as the schedule in figure iv and the burn down chart in figure v.
the progress in the graph is the progress of a work hour calculated in terms of total consumption/(total consumption + total remaining).
the horizontal axis of the burn down chart is the date and the vertical axis is the number of man-hours. the number of hours is the sum of the remaining work hours of all tasks in the project, which is calculated every day to form coordinates, and then the lines are connected to form a burn down chart.
test manager – wrap up
after the project development work is completed, it is also necessary to test and solve possible problems. testing is a process of finding a problem, and the testing phase is the responsibility of the test manager.
test manager is a generic term, many companies do not have a test manager position, may be the test supervisor, or test leader. there are also many companies that do not have test management posts, do not have test leaders, and are unified under the management of project managers.
in the testing phase, the test manager needs to formulate the test plan, design the key test data and review the test cases, be responsible for implementing the software test, complete the integration test and system test of the product, and be responsible for the final quality of the product.
in fact, the work of the test manager is similar to that of the project manager, in addition to task assignment and monitoring, feedback is required. the tested problem is fed back to the project manager for secondary repair, and after no problem, feedback the product manager for product release. figure 6 is the task allocation table of members, and figure 7 is the bug statistics table that appears in the test, and the bug situation can be counted from different dimensions.
the project management process is a complex process, and each stage needs to involve the coordination and cooperation of different people and resources.
although product managers, project managers, and test managers have different areas of responsibility, there are also cases of overlapping responsibilities in many cases: the concept of time, the planning of schedule, quality requirements, etc. may be the result of the coordination of the three, or one person may be divided into two corners.
in many smbs, project managers are also product managers, or there are no test managers, which is not surprising. therefore, project management is not a single-item circulation process, and the roles assumed by the three are not set in stone, as shown in figure 8.
Some of the views and pictures in this article come from project management software, if there is any infringement, please inform.
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