Evaluation method : Improves the reliability of design, controllability of funds and the usability of information resources by applying value engineering to planning and design, plan management, fund management and information resource management.
Information construction project evaluation is a process of objective analysis and subjective judgment of the effectiveness of project management work and implementation results according to project construction objectives and criteria.
Its main task is to draw scientific, objective, and reasonable evaluation conclusions, serve "do the right thing, do the right thing, and obtain the right result", play a guiding and leading function, and support project management decisions. This process needs to be supported by correct theory, effective methods, and reasonable procedures.
Project evaluation method is a general term for various methods, procedures, rules, and skills used in the process of information project evaluation, which mainly solves the problems of "what to do", "how to do" and "how to do better" in project evaluation.
The project evaluation method is the result of the interactive development of project evaluation practice and theoretical thinking, which is a collection of methods screened out through the gradual development of practice in the process of exploration, inheritance, and innovation, in order to complete the set project construction goals.
The main methods used for large-scale system project evaluation at home and abroad are content-based evaluation method, value-based evaluation method, process-oriented evaluation method, and level-oriented evaluation method.
The process model of project evaluation mainly refers to the basic model that supports project life cycle activities, and its main role is to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and improve quality.
From the perspective of project application scale, complexity, and management control, there have been three types of process models in history:
linear models, prototype models, and evolutional models. Among them, the linear model mainly includes sequential model, waterfall model, parallel model, and agile development model; Prototype model is an improvement of linear model, generally applied to projects that gradually determine development activities through prototypes, and its implementation types include general prototype models, rapid prototype models, etc.;
The evolutionary model is a further improvement of the prototype model, and its implementation types include incremental model, fountain model, iterative model, spiral model, double helix model, hybrid model, intelligent model, etc.
Most of the project evaluation work adopts different evaluation methods and process models to carry out the evaluation work according to the requirements of different stages of the project before (project initiation stage), during (implementation stage), and post-project (acceptance and operation and maintenance). Based on the construction of a large-scale information system covering the whole country, this paper applies the project evaluation in the project establishment stage and implementation stage and achieves good results.
1 Project evaluation work in the project initiation stage
The project demonstration and evaluation work belong to the pre-project evaluation, which adopts content-based evaluation methods and value-based evaluation methods to conduct comprehensive and systematic analysis and evaluation of the necessity, technical feasibility, economic rationality, environmental feasibility, and feasibility of operating conditions of information construction projects.
Based on the content and value-based evaluation methodology, the key elements of the project, including objectives, needs, programs, approaches, funding, quality, plans, risks, and outcomes, are evaluated through the following means:
First, establish an expert knowledge base and hold expert seminars and review meetings.
In the stage of project initiation and demonstration, the project construction unit has established an expert knowledge base, invited experts from different fields inside and outside the military, formed an expert group, and reviewed and checked different types of project demonstration plans according to the actual needs of the project, and found out the deficiencies in the project establishment and demonstration plan.
In the early stage of the project, due to insufficient experience, most of the submitted project demonstration plans lacked detailed demand analysis, unclear description of key technologies used, lack of quality control and post-construction benefit analysis and other key links, and did not have a relatively rigorous budget. Through face-to-face communication with experts and holding seminars, a project demonstration plan with reasonable content, strong operability and rigorous budget was finally formed.
Second, a value-based approach to review budget funding
Through an in-depth understanding of the construction needs of this project, under the premise of keeping the original overall construction goal unchanged, focusing on the central task of this informatization construction, the expert group has reduced the total estimate of the project demonstration plan by more than half and effectively saved national funds by making maximum use of existing resources, appropriately reducing the grade and scale of hardware equipment and project scale, and implementing multi-tasks in parallel to shorten the construction period.
2 Project evaluation during the implementation phase
Combined with the characteristics of the long implementation period (five years) of this information construction project, the annual evaluation of the project is proposed, which is also the first attempt to evaluate the implementation project. The annual evaluation of the project is mainly based on the value evaluation method, supplemented by other evaluation methods, through the preparation of the annual evaluation report, focusing on the achievement of objectives, technical solutions, plan implementation, fund use, etc., the specific evaluation process is as follows:
First, analyze the rationality of annual construction goals.
The annual construction goal is the guide to the construction work of the year, and only by first clarifying the goal can we know which direction to go. At the same time, if the annual construction goal is set deviation, it will inevitably lead to the key deviation of the annual construction work, so first clarify the rationality of the annual construction goal, in order to evaluate the rationality of the year's work and lay a good foundation for the subsequent task completion and economic index analysis.
Second, analyze the rationality and feasibility of the annual technical plan.
In the annual evaluation of the project, the rationality and feasibility of the annual technical plan should be evaluated, mainly from the following two aspects:
A. Compliance. See whether the annual construction plan arrangement in the annual technical plan meets the requirements of the annual construction target.
B. Completeness. It mainly looks at three aspects: first, whether the overall architecture, functional performance indicators, partial interface relationships, system configuration tables, etc. are clearly described; The second is whether the plan management, technical management, process management, information management, and fund management in the process of project implementation are clearly described; Third, the annual construction results can be quantified and assessed.
3. Analyze the completion of the annual construction plan.
In terms of the evaluation of the completion of the annual construction plan, it mainly checks whether the construction plan formulated at the beginning of the year is completed and analyzes the completion of the project according to the categories of completed according to plan, basically completed, uncompleted, and moved in advance, so as to lay the foundation for the formulation of the next year's construction plan.
4. Analyze the use of annual funds
In terms of the evaluation of the use of annual funds, mainly based on the budget given at the beginning of the year, the budget, expenditure, and balance of each project are counted, so as to obtain the utilization rate of annual fund input and provide reference for the formulation of the next year's budget.
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